الأوليغارشيه القضائية في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية

القسم: Article
إصدار
مجلد 26 عدد 93 (28)
منشور
Dec 1, 2025
##editor.issues.pages##
188-223

الملخص

يراعي الرئيس الامريكي الاعتبار السياسي وولاء المرشح له أولاً، ثم الاعتبار العامل الجغرافي والعرقي والديني عند تعيين قضاة المحكمة العليا لاستقطاب الجمهور الانتخابي، أما الكفاءة القانونية ليست ذات أهمية، بداية الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية برزت طبقة جديدة من رجال الأعمال أصحاب الأموال الضخمة، من أجل حماية تلك الاموال والامتيازات تم تسخير مؤسسات الدولة وأهمها المحكمة العليا واتباعها التفسير الدستوري المعتمد على القانون الطبيعي والفلسفة الرأسمالية فعرفوا بالأوليغارشية القضائية،  مما دفع السلطات الأخرى بالدولة والشعب لمواجهة المحكمة العليا، مما دفع الأخيرة إلى تغيير مواقفها واتباع نهج أكثر ليبرالية وبذلك كانت بداية لانتهاء فترة الأوليغارشية القضائية والتي امتدت من سنة 1861م ولغاية عام 1937م.

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